He aha te AI — Me te wāhi e tū ai te raru whakatikatika

Raupapa: Whakahaere Hanganga AI i te Taumata Hapori — He Arotake Hangarau o Village AI (Tuhinga 1 o te 5) Kaituhi: My Digital Sovereignty Ltd Rā: Hune 2026 Rāhina: CC BY 4.0 International

Matapae Whakahoki-aunoa me ōna Raruraru

Ko te whakamārama paerewa mō ngā tauira reo nui — arā, te matapae tohu e whai ake nei i runga i tētahi tohatoha kua akohia — he tika, engari he here tōna. Ka ako tētahi hanganga transformer i runga i tētahi kohinga raraunga nui i ngā tohatoha tūponotanga ā-herenga P(x_t | x_1, ..., x_{t-1}), ā, i te wā whakatau, ka whakaputa tuhinga mā te tango tauira i ēnei tohatoha i runga i te ara ā-whakamuri.

Ko te mea kāore i whakaurua e tēnei whakamārama, ko te taumata i pōraruraru ai te kōrero e te rahi. Ehara i te mea e hono ana te whanonga o tētahi tauira 7B tawhā me tētahi tauira 700B tawhā mā tētahi mahi whakarahi māmā. Ka puta ngā pūkenga hōu — te ako i roto i te horopaki, te whakaaro aroaro mekameka, te whakawhiti āhua rite puta noa i ngā rohe — i ngā taumata rahinga kāore i matapaetia e ngā tauira iti ake, ā, kāore anō kia tino mārama ā-miihini.

Kei te tuwhera tonu te pātai mēnā ko ēnei pūkenga e ara ake ana he "whakaaro" i tētahi horopaki tino pakari ā-āhua whakaaro. Kua tautuhia e te hōtaka whakamāramatanga ā-miihini (pērā i ngā porowhita a Anthropic, ngā rangahau a Neel Nanda mō ngā upoko whakaurunga, me te pikinga haere o ngā tuhinga mō te whakakotahitanga) ētahi hanganga ā-roto e whakahaere ana i ngā mahi e rite ana ki te whakatau ā-logika. Kei te tino kore e whakatau mēnā ka whakatinana ēnei hanganga i te whakaaro, te tata noa rānei ki tōna whanonga urunga-putanga i raro i te tohatoha whakangungu; ā, i te wā e tuhi ana nei, kāore anō kia whakatau. Nā ngā tauira "whakaaro"/"whakaaroaro" o te tau 2025–2026 i whakakoi ake te pātai, kāore i whakatau: i eke rātou ki te taumata mahi ōrite ki te tohu koura i te Whakataetae Pāngarau ā-Ao 2025 i roto i ngā horopaki hanganga, engari kei te tuwhera tonu te hua o te Illusion of Thinking a Apple (2025) me ōna whakahē (Lawsen et al.; Dellibarda Varela et al., 2025) e wātea ana te pātai mēnā ka whakaaro rānei rātou, i tētahi whakamārama, ka rapu rānei i tētahi wāhi āhua motuhake i raro i te whakangāwari RL — "ehara i te mea he kaiwhakaaro tūturu, ehara hoki i te mea he kākā tūponotanga."

Mō te rangahau haumaru, ehara te pātai whai take i te mea, "ka taea e ngā LLM te whakaaro?" engari ko tēnei: he nui, ā, kei te tipu haere te āputa i waenga i te pūkenga kua kitea me te mārama ā-miihini. Ka taea e mātou te whakaputa i ngā whanonga e āhua rite ana ki te whakaaro, engari kāore e taea e mātou te whakamana, i te taumata porowhita, kei pakari te tukanga e whakaputa ana i taua whanonga i raro i te panoni tohatoha.

Te āheinga me te āhei ki te whakahaere

Ko ngā tuhinga mō te whakatikatika kua aro nui ki ngā raruraru e rua e hono ana, engari he rerekē:

Te raruraru āheinga: kia taea e ngā pūnaha AI te mahi i ngā mahi e hiahia ana mātou kia mahia e rātou. He raruraru hangarau, he raruraru whakawhānui hoki tēnei, ā, kua nui te ahunga whakamua o tēnei rāngai.

Te raru whakahaere: kia mahia e ngā pūnaha AI ngā mea e hiahia ana mātou, kia pono ai, i raro i ngā āhuatanga e whakamahia ai rātou, tae atu ki ngā take pito me te panoni tohatoha. Koinei te wāhanga kua pōturi ake te ahunga whakamua.

He mea nui tēnei wehewehenga nā te mea ko te nuinga o ngā whakahaere AI kua whakamahia — RLHF, AI ture, ngā whakahau pūnaha, te whakatikatika haumaru — e mahi ana i runga i te tuaka āheinga. Ka whakarerekē ēnei tikanga i ngā hua ka taea e te tauira te whakaputa. He iti ake tō rātou whaihua ki te whakahaere i ngā hua ka whakaputahia e te tauira i raro i ngā āhuatanga hou, ngā tāuru whakahē, te nekehanga tohatoha rānei i tawhiti atu i ngā raraunga whakatikatika.

Hei tauira, mā RLHF e ako tētahi tauira utu i runga i ngā manakohanga a te tangata, ā, ka whakamahia hei whakarerekē i ngā whanonga o te tauira taketake. Ka pai tēnei i roto i te tohatoha o ngā raraunga manakohanga. Ki waho atu i taua tohatoha — i ngā rohe kāore i tino whakaaturia i roto i te kohinga whakangungu, i raro i ngā huinga here hou, i ngā horopaki rānei e whakawhirinaki ana te whakautu 'e pai ana' ki ngā uara motuhake o te hapori, kaua ki ngā manakohanga whānui — ka hoki mai anō ngā tūmanako tuatahi o te tauira taketake. Ka kīia tēnei e ngā tuhinga hangarau ko te 'reward hacking' (whakawhēkau whiwhinga) rānei 'specification gaming' (whakawhēkau whakaritenga); i roto i ngā pūnaha hapori kua whakatinanahia, ka puta ake hei āhuatanga noa ake, he nui ake hoki ngā pānga.

Te Hurihanga Mahi-a-Agent: Mai i te Whakaputa ki te Mahi

I waenga i te tau 2024 me te tau 2026, i huri te mata whakamahinga o ēnei pūnaha mai i te whakaputa ki te mahi. He agent he tauira pūtake kua kapi ki ngā anga tautoko — he mahara mau tonu, he uru ki ngā taputapu me te API, he kaitirotiro tukutuku, he atanga rorohiko rānei — e whai ana i tētahi whāinga reo ā-iwi i roto i ngā hikoinga maha me te iti ake o te ārahitanga. Ko te * AI Agent Index * o te tau 2025 e whakaatu ana i tēnei hei wehenga i te kaha (te tauira rohe) i te hanganga hua (te anga tautoko); he nuinga o te panonitanga nui o ngā whanonga kua whakatinanahia i ngā rā tata nei he whakawhānuitanga o te mata whakahaere, ehara i te pikinga kaha.

E pā tika ana tēnei ki te wehenga i waenga i te āheinga me te whakahaere i whakahuatia ake nei. Kāore te anga tautoko e whakapai ake i te whakahaere; engari ka whakawhānui i ngā hua o te āputa whakahaere. He tauira e huri puku ana ki ngā priōra tohatoha, i roto i te horopaki chatbot, he putanga kino ka kitea pea e tētahi tangata. I roto i te horopaki ā-agent, ka noho hei tū e mahia ana me te iti ake o ngā wā whakatikatika, ā, i ētahi wā kāore e taea te huri — kotahi tonu te aratau hē; he nui ake te whānuitanga o te pahūtanga. Ko ngā tuhinga mō te kawenga (te responsibility gap a Matthias; te moral crumple zone a Elish) me te International AI Safety Report 2026 (te pikinga o te tūraru pono o te kaiārahi; te horapa hapa i waenga i ngā kaiārahi maha) e whakaahua ana i ngā hua whakahaere.

He hua rangahau tūturu e tika ana kia whakanuia, nā te mea ka herea te wāhi hoahoa mō te hoahoa aroturuki. Ka whakawhānui ngā tauira whakaaro i tētahi mekameka whakaaro, ā, ka tonoa te aroturuki i te rārangi whakaaro hei tikanga haumaru. Engari, kei te tipu haere te rōpū rangahau mō te kore pono o te rārangi whakaaro (Anthropic, 2025; Walden rāua ko Wanner, 2026; me ngā hua e whakaatu ana he iti ake te mana whakahaere a ngā tauira whakaaro ki tō rātou CoT i tō rātou mana whakahaere ki ngā hua whakamutunga) e kitea ana kāore te whakaaro kua whakaputaina i te nuinga o te wā e whakaata ana i ngā take take i whakatau i te hua — ā, ka taea te wehe i a ia i te hua i raro i ngā tohutohu. E whakahē ana te taumaha o ngā taunakitanga kua whakamana i te aroturuki CoT hei ārai haumaru pono. Nō reira, he tūāpapa ngoikore te tirotiro e arotake ana i te pūrongo a te tauira ki a ia anō; me whakahaere i waho, ki runga i ngā whanonga me ngā mahi. Koinei te here hoahoa e whakaae ana te toenga o tēnei raupapa — ā, koia hoki te take e whakamana ai te hanganga e whai ake nei i ngā putanga, me te whakahaere i ngā mahi mai i waho o te tauira, kaua e whakawhirinaki ki tōna ake pūrongo mōna anō.

Te Tūnga o te Take Whakatikatika mō ngā Pūnaha kua Whakatinanahia

Ehara te raru whakatikatika e pā ana ki tētahi hapori e whakauru ana i tētahi pūnaha AI i te raru whakatikatika e rangahauhia ana i te taiwhanga.

Ko te rangahau whakatikatika i te taiwhanga e aro ana ki ngā tūraru tino nui: te whakatikatika teka, te whakapai ā-wāhanga, te whakakotahitanga taputapu, me te whanonga rapu mana. He huarahi rangahau nui ēnei. Engari, ko ngā hapa whakatikatika e pā tūturu ana ki ngā pūnaha kua whakauruhia i ēnei rā he mea noa ake.

Whakaarohia: he hapori me ōna uara ahurea motuhake, he kupu motuhake, he rārangi o ngā here tikanga motuhake, ā, ka tono ki tētahi pūnaha AI kia mahi i raro i ēnei here. Ka ū te pūnaha ki ngā whakaritenga — i te nuinga o te wā. Engari i raro i te panoni tohatoha (kāore i te whakaurua whānuitia ngā tikanga a te hapori ki ngā raraunga whakangungu), ka huri puku te pūnaha ki tōna āhua o mua: te pokapū tauanga o tōna tohatoha whakangungu.

Ehara tēnei i te whakatikatika teka. Kāore te pūnaha e huna ana i ōna tino whāinga. Kei te mahi tika ia i tā tōna tohatoha whakangungu e matapae ana: arā, te whakaputa i te haere tonu e tino pea ana ā-tauanga i runga i te horopaki o ngā raraunga urunga. Ko te raru, ehara i te mea kotahi te tikanga o "e tino pea ana ā-tauanga" me "e tika ana mō tēnei hapori", ā, he huna te wehenga. Kāore he hapa e whakaatuhia. Kāore he tohu whakawhirinaki e whakaitia. He mārie, he hono tonu te putanga, ā, he hē i tētahi ara e hiahiatia ana he mātanga ki te kaupapa kia kitea.

Koinei te raru whakatikatika e Village AI e hangaia ana hei whakatika i tēnei raru — ehara i ngā tūraru tino nui o ngā pūnaha tino mātau, engari ko te hē noa, whānui, ā, he tino pānga ā-mahi o ngā tauira kua whakatinanahia, e kore e ū ki ngā uara motuhake o te hapori i raro i te panoni tohatoha.

Te Manukanuka mō te Ara Haere

Ka tuhipoka mātou, ahakoa kāore mātou e kī ana kua whakatau, he hononga pea kei waenga i te raru whakatikatika noa me te raru whakatikatika tino nui.

Ki te kore e taea e ngā pūnaha o nāianei te pupuri pono ki ngā tohutohu mārama i ngā wā e taupatupatu ana aua tohutohu ki ngā tūtohu tohatoha, he taunakitanga tēnei kāore ngā tikanga whakatikatika i te wā whakangungu e ranea ana mō te mana whakahaere pakari. Ko te āhua o te hapa i te taumata hapori — te whakakapi huna i ngā tauira e rangatira ana ā-tauanga mō ngā tauira kua tautuhia — he rite ā-hanganga ki te āhua o te hapa e āwangawanga ana ngā kairangahau whakatikatika i te taumata pae-mua: ko te tauira e whakapai ana mō tana ake whāinga i akohia ai, ehara i te whāinga kua tautuhia.

Ko te rerekētanga he mea pānga, ehara i te mea hanganga. I te taumata hapori, ko te hua he reta ārahi wairua e whakamahi ana i te reo rongoā, kāore i te reo whakapono. I te taumata whakamua, ka tino kino ake pea ngā hua.

Ko te huarahi hanganga e whakamārama ana mātou i tēnei raupapa — arā, te whakamana i te wā tātaritanga mā ngā pūnaha motuhake ā-hanganga — he hāngai ki ngā taumata e rua, ahakoa kāore mātou e kī ana ka tau tēnei mō te taumata whakamua.

Ngā Mea e Arotakehia ana e Tēnei Raupapa

Ka arotake ngā tuhinga e toe ana i tētahi pūnaha motuhake kua whakatinanahia, e whai huarahi kē ana ki te raru o te whakatikatika:

• Tuhinga 2 e tātari ana i te raru o te hē tohatoha i te taipitopito, e tirotiro ana me pēhea te hanganga o ngā raraunga whakangungu e tautuhi ana i te whanonga taunoa, me ngā mea ka taea, kāore rānei e taea e te motuhaketanga ā-rohe i runga i tētahi tauira 14B-paramita.
• Tuhinga 3 e whakaatu ana i te aitua 27027 hei rangahau take mō te hapa taurite, ā, e whakamārama ana i te hanganga Guardian Agent hei huarahi mō te wehe mātauranga — arā, he pūnaha whakamana e mahi motuhake ana, kāore e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tauira e aroturuki ana rātou.
• Tuhinga 4 e whakarato ana i tētahi rārangi mārama o ngā mea e whakamahia ana i te whakaputanga, tae atu ki ngā mea e mahi ana, ngā mea kāore e mahi ana, me ngā wāhi e mōhio ana mātou ki ngā here kāore i whakatau.
• Tuhinga 5 e tirotiro ana me pēhea te whakahaere hanganga e toro atu ana i tua atu i te tauira ki te papa, ā, e matapaki ana i ngā mea ka tukua e tēnei huarahi, me ngā mea ka whiwhi.

Ko tēnei te Tuhinga 1 o ngā 5 i roto i te raupapa "Architectural AI Governance at Community Scale". Mō te hanganga hangarau katoa, tirohia Village AI — Te Whakahaere Mana Motuhake.

E whai ake: Ngā Tauira Pūtake vs. Te Tātaritanga Motuhake ā-Rohe — He Tātaritanga Hanganga