He aha i kore ai e ranea ngā ture me te whakangungu — Te wero o te whakahaere

Raupapa: Whakahaere AI mō ngā kaiārahi hapori — Te mārama Village AI mō ngā Kaitiaki, ngā Kaikaunihera, me ngā Memā Poari (Tuhinga 3 o te 5) Kaituhi: My Digital Sovereignty Ltd Rā: Hune 2026 Rāhina: CC BY 4.0 International

Te Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero Whakarite

I mua i tā tātou matapaki i te ariā o te whakahaere, me tīmata tātou ki tētahi tauira whaihua.

Ka tono tētahi kaimahi o te kaunihera ki tētahi pūnaha AI kia āwhina ki te tuhi tuatahi i tētahi reta ki ngā kainoho mō tētahi whanaketanga e whakaarohia ana kei te taha o tētahi rohe tiaki taiao. He mārama āna tono: e hiahia ana ia ki tētahi reo whai inenga e whakaae ana ki ngā āwangawanga o ngā kainoho, e whakamārama ana i te anga whakamahere, ā, e whakamārama ana i te herenga a te kaunihera ki te taurite i ngā hiahia e whakataetae ana i runga i te mārama. Ka tuhi āta ia i tana tono, ā, ka tatari.

Ka whakaputa te AI i tētahi reta kua hangaia pai. He mārama, he ngaio, ā, he āta whiriwhiria ngā kupu. E kōrero ana mō te "whakahaere i ngā tūmanako o ngā hunga whai pānga", te "whakatutuki i ngā aronga rautaki", te "whakamahi i ngā whai wāhitanga whakawhanaungatanga hapori", me te "whakarite i te kōrero whakawhanaketanga". He tika tōna āhua tuhi. He āhua ngaio. Ā, he tino hē katoa.

Ehara i te mea me whakahaere ngā tūmanako a ngā kainoho. Me mārama rātou ki ngā whakataunga a tō rātou kaunihera me ngā take i pērā ai. Kāore rātou e hiahia ana ki tētahi kōrero. Me whiwhi rātou i tētahi pūrongo mārama mō ngā whakaaro whakamahere, ngā whakaaturanga i whiwhi, me ngā take i muri i te whakataunga. I tono te kaimahi kia whai kawenga ā-iwi, ā, i hoatu e te AI ki a ia he whakahaere kaiwhai pānga ā-pakihi — nā te mea he nui ake ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ā-pakihi i roto i āna raraunga whakangungu, i ngā tuhinga ā-iwi.

Kāore te AI i whakahē i te whakahau a te kaimahi. Kāore ia i kī, "Kāore au e mārama ana ki te kawenga tūmatanui." I whakakapi noa ia i tāna i tonoa ki tētahi mea i tino noa ake i āna raraunga whakangungu, arā, i runga i ngā tatauranga. He mea huna te whakakapi. Mēnā i pēhia te āpiha e te wā, kāore rānei ia i tino mātau, i whakawhirinaki rānei ia ki te AI i tua atu i tōna tika, tērā pea kāore ia i kite. Ka tukuna te reta, ā, ka whiwhi ngā kainoho i tētahi karere i whakaarohia ai rātou hei hunga whai pānga hei whakahaere, kaua hei hunga hei āwhina.

Ka whakatika aunoa tō waea i ngā kupu. Ka kite koe i te raina whero i raro, ā, ka whakatika koe. Ka whakatika aunoa te AI i ngā uara. Ā, kāore he raina i raro.

Ina Neke ake ngā Tauira i ngā Uara

Ehara te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whakamahere i tētahi take motuhake. Ka mahi taua pūnaha kotahi i ia whakawhitinga ki te AI.

Ka pātai tētahi tangata whenua ki tētahi pūnaha AI mō ngā pārongo e pā ana ki tētahi take whakamahere uaua, ka huri aunoa te pūnaha ki te reo o ngā mana kaihoko takitahi — te whakawhānui amuamu, te huarahi ture, te anga whawhai — nā te mea koirā ngā mea e rangatira ana i āna raraunga whakangungu. Kāore ia e toro ki te reo o ngā hiahia hapori, o te whiriwhiringa ā-rōpū, me te tirohanga whānui e puta ana i te mōhio ka ārahi tēnei whakataunga i tētahi takiwā mō ngā tekau tau.

Ka tono te hēkeretari poari ki te AI kia āwhina ki te tuhi i ngā meneti, ka huri aunoa ki te reo poari ā-pakihi — "i tuhia e te poari," "i whakataua," "i tohua ngā tūnga mahi" — nā te mea he nui ake ngā meneti ā-pakihi i ngā meneti whakahaere hapori i roto i āna raraunga whakangungu. Ka whakakōrorahia ngā āhuatanga matatini o te whiriwhiringa ā-hapori — arā, te tuhi i ngā whakahe, te tae ki tētahi whakataunga i runga i te āwangawanga, te mea nui o te aronga whakaaro pērā anō i te whakataunga — ka whakakōrorahia ki te whai hua ā-pakihi.

Ehara i te mea e whawhai ana te AI ki ngā uara ā-hapori. Kāore noa iho ia e mōhio hōhonu ana ki ngā uara ā-hapori. E mōhio ana ia ki ngā mea e auau ana i ngā tatauranga, ā, ehara i ngā mea e auau ana i ngā tatauranga te mea tino hāngai mō ngā whakahaere e kawenga ana ki te tiaki i ō rātou hapori.

Koinei te raru whakahaere. Ehara i te kino. Ehara i te ngoikore. He hē ā-hanganga, e mahi huna ana.

Ka Mahi te AI, ka Piki ngā Tūraru

I tika ngā mea katoa i runga ake nei i te wā i whakautu noa te AI. E ai ki tā te Tuhinga 1 i whakatakoto, kei te piki haere te mahi a te AI — ā, ka honoa tētahi whakakapi huna o te tauira hokohoko ki te haepapa ā-hapori ki tētahi mahi, kaua ki tētahi tuhinga tuarua, ka kaha ake te raruraru whakahaere i roto i ngā huarahi motuhake e toru e hāngai tika ana ki ngā āwangawanga whakawhirinaki me ngā āwangawanga whakahaere ture.

Kaore e taea te whakahoki i ētahi mahi. Ka taea te whakatika i tētahi tuhinga kua hapa i mua i tō tuku — he wā kei waenga i ngā hua a te AI me ngā hua ka puta. Mā tētahi māngai e tuku, e kōpaki, e whakaputa, e whakahaere rānei i ngā mahi, ka whakakore i taua wā. I kitea e te āpiha i tō mātou tauira te reta ā-pakihi nā te mea i pānui tuatahi ia. Mēnā ka tukuna e tētahi māngai ki ngā kainoho i runga i tōna ake ingoa, ka kore e wātea ki a ia — me te kaunihera hoki — taua whai wāhitanga.

Ka pōraruraru te kawenga. Ina mahi tētahi māngai i runga i te ingoa o te whakahaere, ā, he hē te hua, ko wai te tangata kawenga? I tautuhia e tētahi āpiha te whāinga; i kōwhiria e te pūnaha ngā hikoinga; i hangaia e te kaiwhakarato te pūnaha; i whakaaetia e te poari tōna whakamahinga. Ka whakamārama ngā kairangahau i tētahi "āputa haepapa" me tētahi "rohe pūreirei matatika," i reira ka tau te kawenga ki te tangata tata, ahakoa he iti tōna mana whakahaere. Mō tētahi rōpū e kawenga ana i te haepapa tiaki, he hē whakahaere te whiwhi i te kawenga mō ngā mahi kāore i whakaaetia e tētahi, ehara i te aitua.

Kāore e taea te whakawhirinaki ki te pūrongo a te pūnaha anō. Hei whai mana ai te tirotiro a te tangata — te mātāpono kei te ngākau o te Ture AI o te EU — me āhei te tangata ki te mārama, ā, ki te tika, ki te whakamutu i ngā mahi a te pūnaha. Engari, mō tētahi kaiwhakahaere, he huarahi tuwhera tōna ki roto i tētahi mahi maha-hipanga, ā, pēnei i tā te Tuhinga 1 i kī, kāore te pūrongo a te AI mō āna ake whakaaro e whakaata pono ana i ngā take i akiaki i āna mahi. Nō reira, me hanganga te aroturuki — me whakahaere ki runga i ngā mahi me ngā hua o te pūnaha, kaua e tuku ki tana ake pūrongo.

Kāore ēnei mea e whakahē ana i te AI e mahi ana. E kī ana ia, ko te tikanga i tika ai i te wā o ngā chatbot, he mea hiahiatia ināianei i te wā o ngā māngai: me tirotirohia ngā whanonga o te pūnaha mai i waho, me noho tonu he tangata whai kawenga kia taea te urutau, ā, me noho ki te hunga whai mana te kawenga mō ngā whakatau whai hua, kāore e taea te huri. Ko tērā te mea e whakamārama ana i te toenga o tēnei tuhinga.

He aha te take kāore e whakatau i te raru mā te nui ake o ngā ture

Ko te pūmanawa o te nuinga o ngā whakahaere, i te wā e anga ana ki ngā tūraru o te AI, ko te tuhi kaupapa here. Ngā kaupapa here mō te whakamahinga e whakaaetia ana. Ngā aratohu matatika mō te AI. Ngā anga AI haepapa. Ngā tikanga mō ngā komiti aroturuki AI.

Ehara ēnei tuhinga i te mea kāore he uara, engari he here matua ā rātou: kei te whakawhirinaki rātou ki te pūnaha AI kia whai i a rātou.

Kāore te pūnaha AI e pānui ana i tō kaupapa here whakamahinga whakaaetia, ā, ka whakatau kia ū ki a ia. Ka waihanga ia i ngā urupare i runga i ngā tauira tatauranga o āna raraunga whakangungu. Ki te taupatupatu aua tauira ki tō kaupapa here, ka toa ngā tauira — ehara i te mea e whakahē ana te AI, engari nā te mea kāore ia e tukatuka kaupapa here. Ka tukatuka ia i ngā tauira.

Ka taea e koe te whakatikatika āta i tētahi tauira — te whakarerekē i tōna whakangungu kia whakakaha i ētahi whanonga. He āwhina tēnei, engari kāore e whakatau i te raru taketake. Mā te whakangāwari ka tāpirihia ngā tauira hou ki runga i ngā tauira o mua. I raro i te pēhanga, i ngā āhuatanga rerekē, i ngā pātai hou rānei, ka hoki mai anō ngā tauira tawhito. Ko te kupu hangarau mō tēnei ko te "catastrophic forgetting" (te wareware ohorere), engari he māmā ake te whakamārama: ka ngaro haere ngā akoranga.

He rite te tuhi kaupapa here e kī ana, "Ka whakaute tō mātou AI i ngā uara o tō mātou hapori" ki te tuhi kaupapa here e kī ana, "Kāore tō mātou awa e waipuke." Kāore te awa e pānui i ngā kaupapa here. Mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki te aukati i te waipuke, me hanga koe i ngā ārai awa — he mahi hanganga e mahi ana ahakoa he aha ka mahia e te awa.

E hiahiatia ana taua huarahi kotahi mō te whakahaere AI. Ehara i ngā ture hei whai a te AI, engari he hanganga e mahi motuhake ana i waho i te AI, hei tirotiro i āna whanonga mai i waho.

Ka whakaae te Ture AI o te EU ki tēnei mātāpono. Ehara i te mea e tono noa ana kia "matatika" ngā pūnaha AI — engari e tono ana mō ngā tuhinga hangarau, ngā aromatawai hāngai, ngā tikanga aroturuki a te tangata, me te aroturuki i muri i te hokohoko. I mārama ngā kaihanga o te Ture nei, kāore e ranea te wawata me kore he hanganga. Ko te pātai mō ngā rōpū whakahaere, mēnā e whakaata ana tō rātou ake whakamahinga o te AI i taua māramatanga kotahi.

Ngā Kōrero a te Mātāpono Whakahaere ki a Tātou

Ehara i te mea hou te māramatanga, kāore e taea te whakaiti i ētahi whakataunga ki ngā ture. He tūāpapa tēnei ki te mātāpono whakahaere.

I whakapau a Ludwig Wittgenstein, te tohunga whakaaro, i tōna mahi katoa ki te torotoro i te rohe i waenga i ngā mea ka taea te kī tika, me ngā mea kei tua atu i te kī tika. Ko tōna whakatau — arā, "mō ngā mea kāore e taea te kōrero, me noho puku" — he tino hāngai ki te whakahaere AI. Ka taea te whakarite pūnaha i ētahi pātai: he whakautu mārama tō te pātai "Ahea te hui ā-kaunihera e whai ake nei?" ka taea e tētahi AI te rapu. Kāore e taea ētahi atu: kei roto i te pātai "Me pēhea tā tātou tuku i tēnei whakataunga ki ngā kainoho kua pāngia?" ngā whakataunga, ngā horopaki, ngā hononga, me ngā uara e kore e taea te whakahaere mā te pūnaha.

Ko te rohe i waenga i ngā mea ka taea te tuku ki tētahi mīhini, me ngā mea me noho tonu ki ngā tāngata, ko te tūāpapa o te whakahaere AI e tika ana. Ehara te hē i te whakamahi i te AI mō te momo pātai tuatahi. Ko te hē, ko te tuku i te AI kia whakautu i te momo tuarua me te kore aroturuki a te tangata.

I kī a Isaiah Berlin, te tohunga whakaaro tōrangapū, he tino taupatupatu ētahi uara ā te tangata — te rangatiratanga me te ōritetanga, te tikanga me te ahunga whakamua, ngā mana takitahi me te oranga ā-hapori. Kāore he tātai e whakatau ana i ēnei taupatupatu. Me hiahiatia tonu te whakataunga a te tangata, te whiriwhiringa, me te momo mātauranga whaihua e whakawhanakehia ana e ngā rōpū whakahaere i roto i ngā tau o te mahi ki ā rātou hapori.

Ko ngā pūnaha AI, i runga i tō rātou hoahoa, e rapu ana ki te whakapai ake. Ka rapu rātou i te whakautu pai rawa atu. Engari, i te wā e tino taupatupatu ana ngā uara, kāore he whakautu pai rawa atu — kotahi noa te whakautu e whakatauria ana e tēnei hapori, i tēnei wā, i ēnei āhuatanga, hei mea tino tika. He mea ā-tangata tōna whakataunga, ā, ko tētahi anga whakahaere AI e whakapae ana he rerekē, ehara i te whakahaere — he tuku i te kawenga.

He tino whakaako te mahi a Elinor Ostrom mō te whakahaere i ngā rawa tūmatanui. I whakaatu a Ostrom ka taea e ngā hapori te whakahaere angitu i ngā rauemi tiritahi, kāore e hiahiatia te whakawhāiti motuhake, te mana pokapū rānei — engari anake mēnā ka hāngai ngā hanganga whakahaere ki te matatini o te rauemi e whakahaerehia ana. He rauemi tiritahi te AI i roto i ia whakahaere e whakamahi ana i a ia. Ko te pātai mēnā ka hāngai ngā hanganga whakahaere ki te matatini o te taputapu.

Me Pēhea te Whakahaere Hanganga a Village i te AI

Kāore aVillage e whakawhirinaki ki te kī atu ki te AI kia whanonga. Ka hanga ia i te whakahaere ki roto i te hanganga — he hanganga e mahi motuhake ana i te AI, ā, kāore e taea e ia te whakakore.

Te kaitiaki rohe e aukati ana i te AI kia kaua e whakatau i ngā uara — ā, kia kaua e mahi i ngā mahi whai hua motuhake. Ka pā ana tētahi pātai ki ngā whakawhitinga whaiaro tūmataiti, ngā whakataunga matatika, te horopaki ahurea rānei, ā, ka whakawhiti rānei tētahi mahi ki te mahi i runga i te ingoa o te whakahaere, ka whakamutu te pūnaha, ka tukuna ki tētahi tangata — tō kaiwhakahaere, tō heamana, tō poari. Kāore e taea e te AI te whakakore i tēnei rohe, nā te mea kei waho o te mana whakahaere a te AI te whakahaere o te rohe. Koinei te āhua hanganga o te whakaritenga aroturuki ā-tangata o te Ture AI a te EU: kua whakaurua te wā urutau, kāore i waiho kia tūpono noa.

Te pūnaha mauroa whakahau e rokiroki ana i ngā whakahau mārama a tō whakahaere ki tētahi pūnaha motuhake kāore e taea te whakarerekē e te AI. Ka whakaputa te AI i tētahi whakautu, ka tirotirohia ki ēnei tohutohu kua penapenahia. Mēnā ka whakahē te whakautu i tētahi tohutohu, ka whai mana ake te tohutohu — hei taunoa, ahakoa ngā tohu whakangungu a te AI.

Te kaiwhakamana whakataurite ka tirotiro i ngā hua me ngā mahi kua tūtohutia e te AI ki ngā pūrongo tūturu a tō whakahaere. Kāore ia e pātai ki te AI mēnā he tika tōna whakautu — he mea tēnei e tono ana kia whakamana te pūnaha i a ia anō, ā, pēnei i kīia i te Tuhinga 1, kāore e taea te whakawhirinaki ki te whakamārama a te AI mō āna ake whakaaro hei whakaata i ngā take i akiaki i te whakautu. Nō reira, ka whakakore te kaiwhakau i te pūrongo a te pūnaha mōna anō. Ka whakamahi ia i te ine pāngarau, e mahi ana i runga i tētahi huarahi tino rerekē i te AI, hei whakatau mēnā e ū ana te whakautu ki ngā ihirangi tūturu o tō hapori. Ka tirotiro ia i te mahi, ehara i te whakamārama.

Te kaitirotiro pēhanga horopaki e mātaki ana i ngā āhuatanga whakahaere kua heke iho te kounga — arā, ngā wā e taumaha ana te AI, e tukatuka ana i ngā tono matatini, i te pātai rānei ki ngā pātai hou. Ka kitea ēnei āhuatanga, ka whakapiki ia i te kaha o te whakamana. Ko te uaua ake o te pātai, ko te nui ake o te arotake ka whiwhi te whakautu.

Ehara ēnei i ngā kaupapa here. He hanganga ēnei. Ka mahi ēnei ahakoa kāore ngā tauira a te AI e hāngai ana ki a rātou, pērā i te mahi a tētahi pare ārai ahakoa kāore te awa e mahi tahi.

Te Rerekētanga i waenga i te Manakohanga me te Hanganga

He maha ngā whakahaere e whakaputa ana i ngā tauākī matatika mō te AI. Kāore te Village e whakawhirinaki ki ngā tauākī matatika. Ka whakawhirinaki ia ki ngā here hanganga e whakatinana ana i te whakahaere ā-tūtohi.

He mea nui tēnei wehewehenga, nā te mea ko te wawata he mea e tūmanakohia ana kia puta; ko te hanganga he mea e puta tūturu ana. Kāore tō whakawhirinaki e whakawhirinaki ki te tūmanako ka whakahaere tika te kaiwhakahaere pūtea i ngā pūtea — me rua ngā kaituhi ingoa, me te arotake motuhake. Koinei te whakahaere hanganga. Ka hāngai taua mātāpono ki te AI.

Mō ngā rōpū whakahaere, ka hāngai tika tēnei wehewehenga ki ngā whakaritenga ā-ture. Kāore te Ture AI o te EU e whakaae he whakaaro pai tō te kaiwhakarato — e hiahiatia ana ngā ārai hangarau ka taea te whakaatu, te rēhitatanga, me ngā tikanga aroturuki a te tangata. He tūnga rerekē rawa atu tō tētahi whakahaere e taea ana te whakaatu i te whakahaere hanganga o tōna AI i roto i ngā take whakatutuki ture, i tētahi e tohu noa ana ki tētahi tuhinga kaupapa here.

Te Anga Tractatus — Mārama, Tuwhera hoki

Te hanganga whakahaere kei muri i te Village AI ka kīia ko te anga Tractatus. He mea nui kia mōhio ki ngā mea e toru mō tēnei.

He tuwhera. Kua whakaputaina te anga katoa i raro i tētahi raihana puna tuwhera a te EUPL-1.2. Ka taea e te katoa te pānui i te waehere, te tirotiro i ngā ture, me te whakamana kei mahi te whakahaere i ngā mea e kī ana ia. He rerekē tēnei ki te whakahaere AI a Big Tech, kei reira he rangatira ngā ture, ā, kāore ngā take i whakapuaki. Ka mea mai tētahi kaiwhakarato AI matua ki a koe kua "tūhonohono tōna pūnaha ki ngā uara ā-tangata," kāore he huarahi āu ki te whakamana i taua kī. Mā te Tractatus, ka taea e koe te pānui i ia rārangi.

He mārama. Ka tuhia ngā whakatau whakahaere katoa. Ka aukati te kaiwhakahaere rohe i te AI kia kaua e whakatau i runga i ngā uara, ka tuhia taua take. Ka kitea e te kaiwhakamana whakataurite he hapa, ka tuhia. Ka taea e ō kaiwhakahaere matua me ō kaiwhakahaere pūnaha te kite tika i ngā mahi a te pūnaha whakahaere, me te take i mahia ai. Kāore he paparanga huna e whakahaeretia ai ngā whakatau me te kore kawenga. Mō ngā whakahaere e pāngia ana e ngā herenga mō te herekore o ngā pārongo, ngā whakaritenga mō te kawenga tūmatanui rānei, he tino hāngai tēnei āheinga arotake.

Ka taea te whakarite. Ehara te anga i te huinga ture mārō i whakahuatia mai i waho. Ka taea e ngā whakahaere te āhua o te whakahaere kia whakaata i ā rātou ake kaupapa matua. He herenga rerekē, he āwangawanga rerekē, he rohe rerekē ā tētahi kaunihera ā-rohe me tētahi whakawhirinaki hapori. Ka taea e te anga Tractatus te whakauru i tēnei āhuatanga — ehara i te mea mā te tuku i ngā whakahaere kia whakangāwari i te pūnaha whakahaere, engari mā te tuku i a rātou kia tautuhi he aha ngā mea e tiakina ana e te pūnaha whakahaere. Te ture whakahaere o tō whakahaere, tō anga uara, ō rohe whakahaere — ka whakatinanahia ā-hanganga, ehara i te mea he tuhinga noa iho.

Kei te wātea te anga katoa, tae atu ki ngā rangahau kei muri i a ia, i agenticgovernance.digital. Ehara i te mea me pānui koe kia whakamahi i te Village — ka mahi tonu te whakahaere ahakoa kāore koe i te tirotiro. Engari, mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki te tino mārama me pēhea te whakahaere i tō AI, ā, mēnā me whakaatu koe i tō ū ki ngā ture ki tētahi rōpū whakahaere ture, kei te tuwhera te kuaha.

I te tuhinga e whai ake nei, ka tirohia e mātou he aha Village AI e mahi ana i te ao tūturu i ēnei rā — he aha ngā āwhina ka taea e ia ki tō whakahaere, me pēhea te aro ki te hēhē mā te pūnaha kupu, ā, he aha ngā mea kei te whakawhanake tonu.

Ko tēnei te Tuhinga 3 o ngā 5 i te raupapa "AI Governance for Community Leaders". Mō te hanganga whakahaere katoa, tirohia Village AI mō te Whakahaere Mana Motuhake.

I mua: AI Hangarau Nui vs. AI e Whakahaerehia ana e te Hapori — He aha te Take o te Rerekētanga Ā muri: He aha ngā mea e rere ana i te Village i tēnei rā